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Cross-border smuggling
Sudan, Chad and Libya knit together as illicit markets enable conflict economy

Sudan’s internal conflict has fuelled a new conflict economy in its northwest, amplifying regional illicit economies.

17 / 12 / 2024 by Matt Herbert

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Organised crime in Africa
Troubled transitions and organised crime in Ethiopia and Tunisia

This paper uses two case studies to demonstrate the effects of failing transitions and democratic backsliding on rising transnational organised crime.

24 / 07 / 2024 by Tadesse Simie Metekia & Matt Herbert

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Cross-border smuggling
Countering Libya’s illicit economies through targeted sanctions

Targeted sanctions have impacted and shaped Libya’s illicit economies but not curtailed them. To improve effect, a rethink is needed.

14 / 07 / 2023 by Matt Herbert

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Cross-border smuggling
Les sanctions ne suffisent pas à juguler l’économie illicite en Libye

Elles ont cependant contraint les réseaux criminels à se montrer plus discrets et à s’adapter.

14 / 07 / 2023 by Matt Herbert

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ENACT is implemented by the Institute for Security Studies in partnership with
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