ENACT builds knowledge and skills to enhance Africa’s
response to transnational organised crime

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Organised crime index
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Fauna
Somalia’s gulper shark oil trade lands species in deep water

A clandestine syndicate in the country’s Bosaso port city is threatening the entire gulper shark family.

01 / 07 / 2025 by Halkano Wario

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Flora
South Sudan’s ‘king of woods’ fills military coffers

East African criminal cooperation in teak smuggling sustains military factions in South Sudan and meets the high demand for teak from India.

25 / 06 / 2025 by Willis Okumu & Josephine Muthama

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Human trafficking
Rising wave of kidnappings in the Bight of Biafra

Growing success rates have led to the emergence of a hostage-taking enterprise in the ocean region from Nigeria to Gabon.

05 / 06 / 2025 by Raoul Sumo Tayo

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Fauna
Foreign fishing vessels plunder Namibia’s horse mackerel

The country’s rich stock is being illegally harvested by foreign-flagged vessels licensed to fish in Angolan waters.

03 / 06 / 2025 by Carina Bruwer

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Mining and extractives
Informality and criminality in East Africa’s gold trade

While artisanal gold mining supports millions of livelihoods across the region, inadequate legal frameworks enable organised criminal activities throughout the sector.

01 / 07 / 2025 by Willis Okumu & Halkano Wario

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Human trafficking
Trafficking in women in West and North Africa and towards Europe

Criminal networks exploit women through deceptive recruitment, digital control and regional trafficking for sexual exploitation across Africa and Europe.

13 / 06 / 2025

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Organised crime in Africa
Ghana’s land guards: structure, profile and adaptation strategies

This paper discusses land guards as a distinct organised crime group and offers suggestions on addressing their criminal networks.

10 / 06 / 2025 by Ndubuisi Christian Ani, Feyi Ogunade & Theodora Williams Anti

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The womENACTion initiative tackles gender imbalance in African policing

Launched by INTERPOL in 2022, womENACTion has gathered 200 female police officers from 35 African countries working in TOC and criminal intelligence analysis.

17 / 04 / 2025

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ENACT is funded by the European Union
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ENACT is implemented by the Institute for Security Studies in partnership with
INTERPOL and the Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime.