Africa has become a major source of illegal migration driven by organised crime networks that prey on vulnerable communities.
Women and children are captured during cattle raids on the border and forced into a lifetime of servitude.
Nigeria’s Yahoo Plus Plus scammers kidnap and kill for cybercrime success, leaving the state struggling for solutions.
Unclear distinction between sex work and trafficking in persons is hindering efforts to apprehend offenders and secure justice for survivors.
This report identifies four types of kidnapping closely linked to conflict dynamics and violent extremist group expansion.
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