Carina Bruwer | ENACT Africa

Maritime

Securing Africa's South Atlantic: a risk assessment of organised maritime crime

This paper assesses organised maritime crime off Angola, Namibia and South Africa and suggests ways to strengthen regional maritime security.

11 / 09 / 2025 by Carina Bruwer

Fauna

Foreign fishing vessels plunder Namibia’s horse mackerel

The country’s rich stock is being illegally harvested by foreign-flagged vessels licensed to fish in Angolan waters.

03 / 06 / 2025 by Carina Bruwer

Flora

Southern Africa conservationists battle evolving illegal plant trade

Stakeholders are exploring innovative ways to safeguard the region’s precious plants from illegal trade.

12 / 11 / 2024 by Carina Bruwer

Maritime

Cabinda to Cape Town: how crime-proof are Africa’s Atlantic shores?

With all eyes on pirates and politics in the Gulf of Guinea and the Indian Ocean, who is keeping an eye on Africa’s South Atlantic?

19 / 06 / 2024 by Carina Bruwer

Organised crime in Africa

Organised crime’s role in Southern African elections

As seven countries in the region prepare for elections this year, how will organised crime influence the outcomes?

22 / 05 / 2024 by Carina Bruwer

Human trafficking

Identifying victims key to breaking up SA's sex trafficking rings

Unclear distinction between sex work and trafficking in persons is hindering efforts to apprehend offenders and secure justice for survivors.

26 / 04 / 2024 by Carina Bruwer

Drug trafficking

Can EU-Seychelles accord curb Indian Ocean drug trade?

Bilateral agreements are one way to target drug trafficking at sea and to safeguard suspects’ human rights.

11 / 03 / 2024 by Carina Bruwer

Drug trafficking

L’accord UE-Seychelles pourrait freiner le trafic de drogue dans l’océan Indien

Les accords bilatéraux combattent le trafic de drogue en mer et protègent les droits des auteurs présumés.

11 / 03 / 2024 by Carina Bruwer

Flora

Protecting South Africa’s precious succulents from illegal traders

New research shows that strides have been made, but more support and private-public partnerships are needed.

29 / 11 / 2023 by Carina Bruwer

Flora

Growing, growing, gone: safeguarding South Africa’s illegally traded succulents

This paper explores the illegal market for succulent flora from the country's Succulent Karoo and the national strategy to address the crisis.

21 / 11 / 2023 by Carina Bruwer

Fauna

L'Afrique du Sud peut-elle maitriser le trafic de pangolins ?

Des signes inquiétants montrent que le commerce illégal de pangolins est de plus en plus organisé et implique des professionnels et des fonctionnaires.

30 / 10 / 2023 by Carina Bruwer

Fauna

Pangolins for profit: from seizure, to safety, to survival

ENACT considers the current status of the illegal pangolin trade and the efforts to safeguard the species in South Africa

30 / 10 / 2023 by Carina Bruwer